fertility treatments
Does Donor Egg IVF Increase Chances of Twins?
Does donor egg IVF increase the chances of conceiving twins? In this guide, I’ll dive into the essentials of donor egg IVF, its odds for success, the chances for twins, and the potential risks associated with multiples.
The world of fertility treatments is a rapidly-evolving landscape, teeming with options, intricacies, and promises of renewed hope for LGBTQ+ families as well as those struggling to conceive. Among these treatments, donor egg in vitro fertilization (IVF) has become an increasingly common path, with a substantial 12% of all IVF cycles in the U.S., over 16,000 a year, involving eggs retrieved from a donor.
But does donor egg IVF increase the chances of conceiving twins? In this guide, I’ll dive into the essentials of donor egg IVF, its odds for success, the chances for twins, and the potential risks associated with multiples.
What is donor egg IVF?
IVF with donor eggs is a medical procedure where eggs are collected from a donor, fertilized in a laboratory with the intended father's or a donor's sperm, and the resulting embryo is then implanted in the uterus of the intended mother or a gestational carrier.
This process may be an option for women with diminished ovarian reserve, repeated IVF failure, infertility due to recurrent miscarriage, or those who carry genetic disorders that they do not want to pass on to their children. It is also an option for LGBTQ+ families and single males.
Donor egg IVF typically involves several steps: the selection of an egg donor, extraction and fertilization of the donor eggs, and transfer of the embryo(s). To learn more about the process, check out this article.
What are the odds of getting pregnant with donor eggs?
Success rates for donor egg IVF are often more promising compared to traditional IVF. At Cofertility, the average number of mature eggs a family receives and fertilizes is 12. Some intended parents want to do two egg retrievals with the donor which is definitely possible. We also ask each of our donors whether they are open to a second cycle as part of the initial application — many report that they are!
Around 53 percent of all donor egg cycles will result in at least one live birth. This percentage varies depending on the egg donor, recipient body mass index, stage of embryo at transfer, the number of oocytes retrieved, and the quality of the clinic.
At every age, the chances of birth with donor eggs is better, but those who benefit the most from donor eggs are women over 35 and those with low ovarian reserve. In fact, about one-quarter of women over 40 who succeeded with IVF did so through the use of donor eggs.
The chart was made using the SART Patient Predictor for an average woman (5’4”, 150 lbs) with diminished ovarian reserve. As you can see, the chances of live birth after one donor egg cycle is 54% for recipients under 40, and only goes down slightly after this.
The advantage is primarily due to the utilization of eggs from younger donors, typically between the ages of 21 and 34.
It’s important to remember that your age when you get pregnant is not as important as the age of the eggs with which you get pregnant. The success of egg donation depends on many factors, but is not considered to be related to the age of the recipient.
Chances of twins with donor eggs
One question we get a lot is the likelihood of conceiving twins with donor egg IVF.
According to the CDC, in 2021 live births from donor egg IVF had a slightly higher chance of twins compared to IVF with a patient’s own eggs.
- General population: 3.2%
- IVF with patient’s own eggs: 5.2%
- Donor egg IVF: 6.0%
- Donor embryo IVF: 7.4%
But as you can see from the data above, IVF (regardless of whose eggs are used) is associated with higher chances of twins.
How does that work? First, the chances of an embryo splitting and becoming monozygotic twins (aka identical twins) is 2.25 times higher with IVF than with unassisted conception.
But twins after IVF are usually due to a patient having more than one embryo transferred to the uterus, making them dizygotic twins. When IVF was just starting out, there was no genetic testing and fertility doctors would transfer multiple embryos at one time. This led to a multiples rate of over 20% for those who underwent IVF. Nowadays, as technology has advanced, single embryo transfers are the norm, and the incidence of twins has gone down drastically.
Can I transfer two donor egg embryos?
The transfer of two embryos is an option in some fertility clinics, and it often increases the chances of pregnancy. However, it's important to consider the associated risks, benefits, and guidelines.
The American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) recommends that clinicians and patients carefully discuss the number of embryos to be transferred, considering factors like maternal age, embryo quality, and the patient's individual medical situation. In some cases, transferring two embryos may be a viable option, while in others, a single embryo transfer may be the preferred route to minimize the risk of multiples,
Risk of pregnancy with multiples
While the prospect of twins may be appealing to some, there are increased risks associated with multiple pregnancies. Twin pregnancies are associated with higher rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, and maternal complications such as gestational diabetes and preeclampsia.
- Preterm birth, defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation, occurs more frequently in multiple pregnancies. Preterm infants may face an array of health challenges, including respiratory distress syndrome, infections, and long-term developmental issues. These risks underscore the importance of careful monitoring during pregnancy and specialized neonatal care following birth.
- Low birth weight, often linked to preterm birth, is a common occurrence in twin pregnancies. Infants born with low birth weight are at increased risk for health problems both immediately after birth and later in life. Challenges may include difficulties with feeding and temperature regulation, as well as potential long-term developmental delays.
- Other complications from twin pregnancies due to added stress on the mother's body can lead to an increased risk of gestational diabetes and preeclampsia, a condition characterized by high blood pressure and damage to organs such as the liver and kidneys. Other potential complications may include an increased likelihood of cesarean section (C-section), excessive bleeding during childbirth, and higher rates of postpartum depression.
You should understand these risks and engage in thoughtful, well-informed planning and decision-making with your fertility doctor if you are considering the transfer of multiple embryos in donor egg IVF.
The bottom line
Donor egg IVF represents a beacon of hope for many aspiring parents. With its relatively high success rate, more and more families are turning to donor eggs to build their family.
However, the decision to pursue this treatment—and whether to transfer one or two embryos—requires careful consideration of the odds, potential risks, and individual medical circumstances. Consulting with fertility doctors, understanding the available scientific data, and considering personal preferences and ethical considerations will equip you to make informed choices on your journey towards parenthood. We wish you all the best!
Learn about egg sharing
At Cofertility, our program is unique. After meeting with hundreds of intended parents, egg donors, and donor-conceived people, we decided on an egg donation model that we think best serves everyone involved: egg sharing.
Here’s how it works: our unique model empowers women to take control of their own reproductive health while giving you the gift of a lifetime. Our donors aren’t doing it for cash – they keep half the eggs retrieved for their own future use, and donate half to your family.
We aim to be the best egg sharing program, providing an experience that honors, respects, and uplifts everyone involved. Here’s what sets us apart:
- Human-centered. We didn’t like the status quo in egg donation. So we’re doing things differently, starting with our human-centered matching platform.
- Donor empowerment. Our model empowers donors to preserve their own fertility, while lifting you up on your own journey. It’s a win-win.
- Diversity: We’re proud about the fact that the donors on our platform are as diverse as the intended parents seeking to match with them. We work with intended parents to understand their own cultural values — including regional nuances — in hopes of finding them the perfect match.
- Baby guarantee. We truly want to help you bring your baby home, and we will re-match you for free until that happens.
- Lifetime support: Historically, other egg donation options have treated egg donor matching as a one-and-done experience. Beyond matching, beyond a pregnancy, beyond a birth…we believe in supporting the donor-conceived family for life. Our resources and education provide intended parents with the guidance they need to raise happy, healthy kids and celebrate their origin stories.
We are obsessed with improving the family-building journey — today or in the future — and are in an endless pursuit to make these experiences more positive. Create a free account to get started today!
What to Do if Your Culture or Religion Doesn't Believe in Egg Donation
Religion can be a great source of comfort and solace during the most difficult of times, but it can also impact help seeking behavior, especially when it comes to fertility treatment.
Religion can be a great source of comfort and solace during the most difficult of times. Religion has been implicated in reduced mortality, expedited recovery from illness, and improved mental health. It can encourage healthy lifestyles, provide social support, and provide meaning to life. But it can also impact help seeking behavior, especially when it comes to fertility treatment. Religiosity has been associated with greater concerns about infertility treatment, which, in turn, decreases the likelihood of help seeking (i.e IVF, egg donation etc).
Religion and assisted reproductive technology (ART)
The use of donor gametes to create embryos can ignite some serious debate in many faith circles. Some faiths say fertility treatments go against their beliefs and should not be used, even if it means someone will never become a parent otherwise. Meanwhile, other religions have no issues with it at all, as long as certain “rules” are followed.
A Pew Research study conducted in 2013 asked people living in the United States about the moral acceptability of using in-vitro fertilization to have a family. One-third said it is morally acceptable, 12% said it was morally wrong, and 46% said it was not even a moral issue. The survey found modest differences in opinion among social and demographic groups, including religious groups, about the moral acceptability of IVF.
But for many religious people their religious beliefs strongly inform their understanding of fertility and parenthood. Procreation can be an important tenet of a religion along with prescribed roles for the male and female partner when it comes to parenthood. So what if you want a family and the only way that family can be created is through egg donation? And what if you are someone who holds strongly to their faith - a faith that carried you through troubled times - only to discover that very faith does not give you its blessing to have the family you have prayed for?
What if you are someone who holds strongly to their faith - a faith that carried you through troubled times - only to discover that very faith does not give you its blessing to have the family you have prayed for?
How do I navigate making a decision?
You want to adhere to the teachings of your religion and at the same time you also have a very strong desire to have a child. What should you consider when deciding how you want to proceed so you can feel good about your decision? How can you find a way to remain connected to your beliefs even if your choice is different from what is taught by your religion?
Give yourself permission to imagine different options
Play your life tape forward and really imagine how it feels to go against your beliefs in order to achieve pregnancy. Now imagine how it feels to stay strong in your beliefs and never be a parent. Discuss these options with your partner. Write them down in a journal and come back to them in a few weeks. Does one evoke a bigger emotion? Does one feel better than the other? There is no right or wrong and there is no judgment - you are allowed to imagine and really think through your different options.
Speak to trusted members of your community.
Speak to respected and trusted members of your faith community. Ask questions to fully understand what your religion’s expectations are regarding parenthood and regarding ART and IVF and donor eggs. What are your expectations? Do they match or are they very different?
If they are different, would you ever make a decision to pursue donor egg IVF that isn’t sanctioned by your religious teachings? If yes, how would your community support you? Would you be ostracized? What does it mean to be against these teachings? If you would never go against the teachings, then how can your religion provide guidelines about living child free? Would you be able to find peace regarding infertility from your religious teachings? Studies have shown that infertile women with higher levels of spiritual well-being reported fewer depressive symptoms and less overall distress from their infertility experience because of the support from their religious community.
Summing it up
Faith can be an essential aspect of a person’s life. Sometimes it is possible that not all tenants align. But that does not necessarily mean that you forsake your faith, nor does that necessarily mean you give up your desire for a family. It may mean digging even further and leaning even stronger into your faith. It may mean exploring all your different options by researching, talking, asking questions, and praying. All of these things can open doors and create alternative paths to parenthood that you may not have ever considered.
How to Be a Supportive Partner During Donor Egg IVF
A donor egg IVF cycle can be a roller-coaster of emotions and what your partner needs most during this time is support. As the partner of someone going through IVF, what can you do to ensure they feel loved, supported, and understood?
Going through fertility treatment can be full of stress, fear, sadness, and even shame. One of you may feel hopeful that donor egg IVF will work, while the other is afraid and not very sure. There are countless doctor visits, endless paperwork, and thousands of dollars being spent. In-between comes finding an egg donor, egg retrieval, embryo creation, hormonal injections, and implantation. But it’s not over yet. Now comes the dreaded two-week wait to find out if all of this has been successful or not. Although fertility treatment can give you hope and a glimmer of light, it can also steal your peace of mind, and at times, what feels like your sanity.
A donor egg IVF cycle can be a roller-coaster of emotions and what your partner needs most during this time is support. As the partner of someone going through IVF, what can you do to ensure they feel loved, supported, and understood?
Actively listen
One of the best things the non-carrying partner can do to help support their partner through this time is to actively listen. Don’t try to fix anything and don’t try to solve anything. Don’t interrupt and be fully present in the conversation. Ask open-ended questions and let them talk. The point is for you to listen for understanding not for responding.
Ask questions
When times are good and treatment is going well, it is easy to know what to say and do. But when things are not going well, the opposite is very true. It can be very hard to know what to say and how to help. So in times like these, it is okay to simply ask what you can do to make your partner feel loved and supported. Sometimes support may look and feel very different depending on the situation. Asking does not mean that you don’t care, it simply means you care so much that you want to make certain their needs are being met.
Attend appointments
As the partner, you are also part of the treatment process, regardless if you are involved medically or not, the process of getting pregnant through IVF requires that both of you are present from start to finish. Attending appointments is important for so many reasons. One is so you can tag-team asking the doctor questions, and secondly having two sets of ears can also help verify the understanding of complicated procedures. Having you there helps your partner feel that they are not alone. The doctor’s office can be cold and sterile and having a warm hand to hold can ease some of that discomfort and fear.
Create a safe space
It can be so difficult to be vulnerable, especially if treatment is not moving according to plan. It may make one feel that they are letting everyone down. Creating a non-judgmental space for your partner to be open, vulnerable, and honest is invaluable. Give them space to tell you how they are really feeling. Be empathic, loving, and non-judgemental. Actively listen and give them time to be fully seen and heard. Intentionally set time aside to be fully present and be open to whatever emotions that may come.
Educate yourself
To really support your partner you need to know what they are going through. One way to do this is to educate yourself about the treatments, understand the procedures, know the medical terminology, risks, side effects, and outcomes. Read books, articles, and blogs about donor egg IVF. Listen to podcasts, join groups, and ask questions. LIke the ‘90s PSA used to say, “the more you know” the more we can increase empathy and understanding.
Respect your partner’s decisions
Throughout this article I have expounded the importance of you and your partner as a team in this fertility journey. That it takes both of you from start to finish. You both agreed on this plan to grow your family. But after multiple (or maybe even one) attempt, what if they are ready to stop and you aren’t? You can be honest with what you want and how you feel. But, don’t make guilt a driving force for them to continue with treatment if they are done. At the end of the day it is their body and whatever they choose to do with their body, respect that decision. Sometimes this isn’t so dramatic as wanting to end treatment completely. It can also look like wanting to take a break, wanting to change clinics, adding holistic treatment to the plan. Whatever it may look like, have their back and respect their choices.
Show tangible support
Showing emotional support is obviously important. But so is taking over responsibilities or chores you don’t normally do. Things like making dinner, making sure the laundry or grocery shopping is done, the dog’s vaccines are up-to-date. Toilet paper roll empty? Replace it. Just the everyday little things that need to be done on a daily basis. Taking some of those things off their plate can relieve a lot of unnecessary stress.
Seek professional help
Sometimes the emotional toll of IVF can be too much. It is okay to seek professional help for you, or even both of you. Support groups that specialize in donor egg IVF can be a wonderful source of psychological and emotional support. As your partner’s main support it is also important for you to find support and time for self-care as well.
Skip baby-oriented events
If you or your partner is struggling with being around children, it is okay to decline invitations to baby showers, birthdays, or family gatherings that will be full of children. These events can trigger some pretty strong emotions. So when you see that invite, take the initiative and be the one to decline and send a gift in the mail.
If you have a partner who is going through egg donor IVF, there are many things that you can do to help support your partner through this time. What support looks like may mean different things for different people, but one of the main things is that your partner feels that you are their safe place, and ultimately can be themselves and honest with you. Remember, you are both on the same team and only want the best for each other. Knowing you can count on each other to be there when times are tough strengthens the belief that together you can face whatever life throws at you.
Epigenetics and Donor Eggs
In the context of third-party reproduction, epigenetics plays an important role in the development and growth of embryos, and can also have implications for offspring conceived through assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as donor egg IVF. In this article, we will explore the concept of epigenetics and how it relates to the use of donor eggs in fertility treatment.
Epigenetics is a field of study that has gained increasing attention in recent years for its potential implications in various aspects of health and disease. In the context of third-party reproduction, epigenetics plays an important role in the development and growth of embryos, and can also have implications for offspring conceived through assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as donor egg IVF. In this article, we will explore the concept of epigenetics and how it relates to the use of donor eggs in fertility treatment.
What is epigenetics?
Epigenetics refers to changes in gene expression that occur without a change in the DNA sequence itself. These changes can be heritable and can impact how genes are expressed throughout an individual's lifetime. Epigenetic modifications can occur in response to environmental factors such as diet, stress, and toxins, as well as during embryonic development. These modifications can affect the way that genes are expressed, leading to alterations in cellular function and potentially contributing to the development of certain diseases.
Epigenetics and donor eggs
In donor egg IVF, the genetic material from the egg donor is used to create an embryo that is implanted into the uterus of the intended mother or a gestational surrogate. This means that the resulting offspring will have a different genetic makeup than the intended mother, and therefore may have different epigenetic profiles as well.
Research suggests that epigenetic modifications can occur during embryonic development, and may be influenced by factors such as the age of the egg donor, the method of fertilization, and the environment in which the embryo develops. Studies have found differences in DNA methylation patterns, histone modifications, and gene expression profiles between embryos created using donor eggs and those created using the intended mother's own eggs.
What does this mean for children conceived through donor egg IVF? While it is still unclear what the long-term implications of these differences may be, we know the majority of children conceived through donor egg IVF are healthy and do not experience any adverse health effects related to epigenetic differences.
It begins in the womb
Epigenetics research has revealed that the quality of life inside the womb has a lasting impact on a baby's health. Scientists have found that the most significant influence on gene function occurs in utero, making a birth mother's womb the baby's first and most crucial environment. This underscores the importance of a mother's (or gestational carrier) lifestyle choices in shaping the overall health and well-being of the individual for the rest of their life.
Stress is a significant environmental factor that can influence your child's genetic expression. Managing stress and anxiety during pregnancy can significantly impact the way their baby's genes develop. To cope with stress, there are various relaxation techniques available, including group therapy, meditation, acupuncture, yoga, exercise, journaling, spending time with people you love, and doing things that bring you joy.
Epigenetics and early childhood
The idea that genes are “set in stone” has been disproven. We now know that early life experiences, such as stress, nutrition, and caregiving, can influence gene expression and ultimately affect a child's development on who they become.
These epigenetic changes can have long-term effects on physical and mental health, as well as cognitive and behavioral outcomes. The positive experiences you create for your child, such as responsive caregiving and supportive relationships, can also have positive epigenetic effects and promote healthy development.
"The positive experiences you create for your child, such as responsive caregiving and supportive relationships, can also have positive epigenetic effects and promote healthy development."
Will a donor egg baby look like me?
The answer is maybe. There is always a chance – whether genetic, adopted, or born through donor eggs – that a child won’t look like you. There’s also a chance that they will! I know plenty of genetically related children that look nothing like their mother or siblings. But I also know a lot of donor-egg children that look *exactly* like their mothers. In fact, I had no idea one of my closest friends used donor eggs to conceive her children until she confided in me when I began my donor egg journey.
Many families choose to match with a donor with similar physical features, especially for unique features like red hair, blue eyes, or being really tall. But keep in mind – picking a donor that looks like you in no way guarantees the child will look like you or the donor!
Ethical considerations
The use of donor eggs in fertility treatment raises a number of ethical considerations, particularly when it comes to the potential impact of epigenetic differences on offspring. While it is important for individuals and couples considering donor egg IVF to be aware of the potential implications of epigenetics, it is also important to recognize that the majority of children conceived through this method are healthy and lead normal lives.
Summing it up
Epigenetics is a complex and rapidly evolving field of study with important implications for fertility and reproduction. While the use of donor eggs in IVF can lead to epigenetic differences between offspring and their intended parents, the majority of children conceived through this method are healthy and lead normal lives.
Even if you use donor eggs or donor embryos, you play a vital role in the development of your baby. While genetics play a role, it's the interaction between genetics and epigenetics that shapes your baby into the individual they become. Don’t forget that you contribute more than you may realize to the growth and development of your child.
If you are considering using donor eggs, register for a free account and get instant access to our egg donor database.
Cofertility is a human-first fertility ecosystem rewriting the egg freezing and egg donation experience. Our Family by Co platform serves as a more transparent, ethical egg donor matching platform. We are obsessed with improving the family-building journey — today or in the future — and are in an endless pursuit to make these experiences more positive. Create a free account today!
What You Should Know About Poor Ovarian Response (POR)
With advances in reproductive technologies, more and more families are turning to in vitro fertilization (IVF) to build their families. While some may experience smooth IVF journeys, others may face obstacles such as poor ovarian response (POR). POR is a condition that can affect your ability to produce an optimal number of eggs during fertility treatment.
With advances in reproductive technologies, more and more families are turning to in vitro fertilization (IVF) to build their families. While some may experience smooth IVF journeys, others may face obstacles such as poor ovarian response (POR). POR is a condition that can affect your ability to produce an optimal number of eggs during fertility treatment.
In this article, we will explore what POR means for patients, its prevalence, diagnostic methods, potential treatments, and available options for those diagnosed with this condition.
What is meant by low response to ovarian stimulation?
Poor ovarian response (POR) refers to a suboptimal response (actual or predicted) of the ovaries to stimulation during fertility treatment.
During IVF, fertility medications are used to stimulate the ovaries, which culminates in the retrieval of multiple eggs. However, those with POR may produce fewer eggs than expected, which can significantly impact their chances of successful conception or even lead to a canceled cycle.
POR is often associated with reduced ovarian reserve, which refers to the diminished quantity and eggs remaining in the ovaries.
How common is POR?
The estimated prevalence of POR ranges from 6% to 35%. This wide range is primarily due to researchers and clinicians having varying definitions of POR. In fact, one systematic review of 47 studies focusing on POR patients found a staggering 41 different definitions of POR being utilized.
The likelihood of encountering POR increases with age, as ovarian reserve naturally diminishes over time. However, it is important to know that POR can occur in women of all age groups, including younger patients.
What is considered a “poor response” to IVF? Diagnosing POR
The European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) working group established criteria for defining a poor response in IVF.
According to their report, having two or more of the following three features is considered having poor ovarian response:
- Advanced maternal age or any other risk factor for POR
- A history of previous POR
- An abnormal ovarian reserve test
Or, if you experience two episodes of POR after IVF, it is considered a poor response, even without advanced maternal age or low ovarian reserve. Since the term POR specifically refers to the ovarian response, at least one egg retrieval is required for diagnosis.
However, patients of advanced age with an abnormal ovarian reserve may also be classified as poor responders because both factors indicate reduced ovarian reserve and can serve as predictors of the outcome of an ovarian stimulation cycle. If that’s the case, a more accurate term would be "expected poor responders."
How IVF can fail
Each fertility journey is unique, and various factors, including underlying medical conditions, genetic factors, and individual response to medications, can influence the ovarian response to IVF.
Sometimes, IVF isn’t even a viable option due to low ovarian reserve. Ovarian reserve refers to the quantity of eggs remaining in the ovaries. Assessing ovarian reserve through markers such as anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and antral follicle count (AFC) can provide insights into your potential ovarian response to IVF. A predicted poor response may be indicated by low AMH levels or a reduced number of antral follicles observed during ovarian reserve testing.
Sometimes, even with normal ovarian reserve, you can experience an inadequate ovarian response to stimulation medications, which leads to fewer follicles developing than you would hope. Follicles are fluid-filled sacs within the ovaries that contain developing eggs. During an IVF cycle, hormonal medications support the growth and development of multiple follicles to increase the chances of obtaining viable mature eggs for fertilization. In general, 10–15 follicles is considered to be the optimal response to fertility medications during IVF. In cases of poor ovarian response, the ovaries may not respond adequately to these stimulation medications, resulting in limited follicular development. This poor response may be indicated by a reduced number of developing follicles observed during ultrasound monitoring throughout the stimulation phase of the IVF cycle.
Typically, a good IVF response involves the retrieval of a sufficient number of eggs, allowing for a higher likelihood of successful fertilization and subsequent embryo development. But sometimes, you simply don’t get enough eggs. A poor response can also be characterized by a lower-than-expected number of eggs retrieved, which may fall below the average range for your age group.
Is POR curable?
While POR poses challenges, it does not necessarily mean that you cannot conceive. The severity of POR can vary, and treatment options are available to optimize the chances of successful conception.
Treatment strategies for POR aim to improve ovarian response and enhance the chances of successful egg retrieval. The specific approach will depend on a lot of factors, including the underlying causes of POR and any other reproductive health obstacles you face. Some common treatment options include:
- Adjusting stimulation protocols: Your fertility doctor may modify the medication protocols used during IVF to enhance ovarian response. This may involve altering the dosage or type of fertility medications administered.
- Adding supplements: There is some evidence that DHEA and CoQ10 may improve IVF pregnancy rates for those facing POR.
- Human growth hormone (GH): Some evidence suggests that treatment with GH for POR patients could lead to a higher number of retrieved eggs.
- Third-party reproduction: In certain cases, fertility doctors may recommend alternative approaches such as the use of donor eggs or embryo adoption. These options can increase the chances of success.
What comes next after POR
Navigating a poor response to IVF can be challenging, and you’ll want to work closely with a fertility doctor who can evaluate the specific circumstances and develop an individualized treatment plan. The treatment approach may involve adjusting medication protocols, exploring alternative techniques, or considering options such as donor eggs.
While a poor response to IVF can be disheartening, it does not signify the end of the fertility journey. Advances in reproductive medicine continue to offer new possibilities and hope for those facing challenges in conceiving. With the right support, guidance, and perseverance, individuals and couples can explore alternative paths and find the best course of action to achieve their dream of building a family.
Get the emotional support you need
Dealing with a diagnosis of POR can be emotionally challenging. It is crucial to recognize the emotional impact and seek support from loved ones, support groups, or mental health professionals who specialize in fertility-related concerns. The journey to conception can be complex, and emotional well-being is an essential aspect of the process.
We are here to help you find the perfect egg donor
At Cofertility, our program is unique. After meeting with hundreds of intended parents, egg donors, and donor-conceived people, we decided on an egg donation model that we think best serves everyone involved: egg sharing. We didn’t invent the concept of egg sharing, but we are the first to take it national (and even global!).
Here’s how it works: our unique model empowers women to take control of their own reproductive health while giving you the gift of a lifetime. Our donors aren’t doing it for cash – they keep half the eggs retrieved for their own future use, and donate half to your family.
We aim to be the best egg sharing program, providing an experience that honors, respects, and uplifts everyone involved. Here’s what sets us apart:
- Baby guarantee. We truly want to help you bring your baby home, and we will re-match you for free until that happens.
- Donor empowerment. Our model empowers donors to preserve their own fertility, while lifting you up on your own journey. It’s a win-win.
- Diversity: We’re proud about the fact that the donors on our platform are as diverse as the intended parents seeking to match with them. We work with intended parents to understand their own cultural values — including regional nuances — in hopes of finding them the perfect match.
- Human-centered. We didn’t like the status quo in egg donation. So we’re doing things differently, starting with our human-centered matching platform.
- Lifetime support: Historically, other egg donation options have treated egg donor matching as a one-and-done experience. Beyond matching, beyond a pregnancy, beyond a birth…we believe in supporting the donor-conceived family for life. Our resources and education provide intended parents with the guidance they need to raise happy, healthy kids and celebrate their origin stories.
We are obsessed with improving the family-building journey — today or in the future — and are in an endless pursuit to make these experiences more positive. Create a free account to get started today!
How To Respond To Nosy Questions About Using Donor Eggs
Navigating nosy questions others around you may ask about you and your decision to use donor eggs to start your family.
Even if you have accepted your infertility diagnosis and have accepted the idea of using donor eggs to start your family, others around you may still question you and your decision. Sometimes it comes in the form of nobody talking about it and sometimes the pendulum swings in the other direction and you may hear nosy questions such as:
- "Why couldn't you have your own child?"
- "Doesn't it bother you that your child won't be biologically related to you?"
- "Did you have trouble getting pregnant?"
- "Are you worried your child won't look like you?"
- "Did you have to spend a lot of money on this process?"
- "Isn't it weird to use someone else's eggs?"
- "Did you have to convince your partner to do this?"
- “Are you worried one day the kids will want to meet their donor?”
So, what are some things you can say to those “well meaning” but nosy questions?
Set boundaries
It's important to set boundaries with those who may be asking personal questions. You can politely decline to answer by saying that it is a private matter or that you prefer not to discuss it. Setting boundaries isn’t always easy. But boundaries are important if you want to feel safe and protected. It is okay if the other party feels offended, but healthy boundary setting doesn’t mean you’re being hurtful. The boundaries you set can allow you to build a better, more respectful, relationship because they help establish a precedent for what you both expect from each other.
Educate
Even though it may seem obvious to you, some people really do not understand the process of using donor eggs and may be asking out of curiosity. Consider sharing educational resources or information about the process to help them understand better.
Be honest
If you are comfortable sharing, you can be honest about why you chose to use donor eggs. Whether it was due to fertility issues or personal preference, sharing your story can help to normalize the process and reduce stigma and in turn helps educate others around you.
Redirect the conversation
If you don't want to discuss your own experience (which is totally okay), redirect the conversation to a more general topic. You could say, "I appreciate your interest, but I prefer to keep my personal life private. Can we talk about something else?"
Seek support
Coping with nosy questions about using donor eggs can be emotionally challenging. Consider seeking support from a therapist, support group, or other individuals who have gone through a similar experience.
The bottom line
Some questions may come across as tasteless and hurtful. Yes, most of this stems from a lack of knowledge about egg donation, but some of it also comes from a place of genuine curiosity and wanting to understand. At the end of the day, this is your journey and your path. You get to decide who, when and how much information you share.
Can I Do IVF While On a GLP-1 Medication Like Ozempic®?
Let’s review the potential benefits, concerns, and important factors you should discuss with your doctors before making any decisions about GLP-1 medication use in conjunction with IVF.
If you're considering In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) while using or contemplating a GLP-1 medication, like Ozempic®, you’ll want to understand how these treatments might interact.
GLP-1 medications are widely considered safe and have been approved by regulatory bodies like the FDA. But, they aren’t safe for everyone. And they may interact with other medications.
Let’s review the potential benefits, concerns, and important factors you should discuss with your doctors before making any decisions about GLP-1 medication use in conjunction with IVF.
What are GLP-1 medications?
GLP-1s are a class of medications designed to aid in weight loss and blood sugar management, which can indirectly have positive effects on fertility.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a naturally occurring hormone in the body that plays important roles in digestion, blood sugar regulation, and appetite control. GLP-1 receptor agonists are a class of medications that mimic the effects of GLP-1, leading to several benefits including weight loss, improved blood sugar control, and potential cardiovascular benefits. Common examples of GLP-1 medications include semaglutide (Wegovy®, Ozempic®), liraglutide (Victoza®, Saxenda®), dulaglutide (Trulicity®), tirzepatide (Mounjaro®), and others.
While it feels like these medications have shown overnight success for help with weight loss, they’ve actually been around for a long time. Initially prescribed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, their weight-loss potential became a notable side effect. This led to further research, higher-dosage formulations specifically for weight management, and the widespread popularity we see today.
GLP-1 medications, obesity, and fertility
Obesity is a known factor that can negatively impact fertility treatment outcomes in both men and women. It's associated with conditions like Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), hormonal imbalances, and changes to the uterine lining that can reduce the chances of successful embryo implantation.
Since GLP-1 medications aid in weight loss and blood sugar control, they have the potential to improve some of the underlying factors that contribute to infertility. However, more research is needed to really understand how GLP-1 medications can impact IVF outcomes.
Can you do IVF if you are on GLP-1 medications?
It's best to discuss the use of GLP-1 medications directly with both the doctor who prescribes them as well as your fertility doctor. Many doctors recommend pausing GLP-1 medications for a few weeks before procedures involving sedation or anesthesia, including the egg retrieval portion of IVF, to reduce potential risks.
The reason being, there have been reports that the delay in stomach emptying due to the GLP-1 medication could be associated with an increased risk of regurgitation and aspiration of food into the airways and lungs. And, because you are unconscious, you can’t clear your lungs or eliminate the obstruction on your own. There is currently a lack of scientific data on how GLP-1 medications affect patients having procedures like IVF, so most doctors like to play it safe.
Can you take GLP-1 medications while pregnant?
Even if you're planning to pause GLP-1 medications like Ozempic® for your egg retrieval during IVF, your doctor may not recommend you get back on them after the retrieval if you plan on getting pregnant. That is because these medications are not currently recommended during pregnancy or lactation. The full safety profile of GLP-1 medications is still under investigation.
This means that most OBGYNs will advise you to discontinue GLP-1 medications before attempting to conceive, whether unassisted or through IVF. They will work with you to create a safe and optimal plan for your fertility and pregnancy journey.
Summing it up
While GLP-1 medications offer benefits for weight loss and blood sugar control that may indirectly help with fertility, their direct impact on IVF outcomes and safety during pregnancy needs further research. You’ll want to have open discussions with your fertility doctor, your prescribing doctor, and potentially your future OBGYN about the best medication strategy for your individual circumstances.
Here are some key points to remember:
- Temporary pause: You might be advised to take a break from GLP-1 medications prior to your egg retrieval procedure.
- Discontinuation before pregnancy: There is not enough human data yet to support GLP-1 medications during pregnancy and lactation, so currently it is not recommended.
- Collaboration is key: Work closely with all your doctors to make the safest and most informed decisions regarding your medication use, fertility treatment, and any pregnancy plans.
Research into the relationship between GLP-1 medications and fertility is ongoing. As we gather more data, clearer guidelines may emerge regarding safe and effective use of these medications alongside IVF treatment. It's always encouraged to consult with your doctors for the latest information and recommendations specific to your situation. We wish you all the best!
How Many Times Should I Try IVF with My Own Eggs Before Turning to Donor Eggs?
Going through fertility treatments to build your family is hard enough, deciding when it’s time to move onto donor eggs can feel impossible. It’s not just the genetic tie that you might be thinking about, but also the time, money, and commitment. How many attempts with your own eggs are reasonable before considering alternative options like donor eggs? While there's no single right answer, this guide will help you confidently make your decision.
Going through fertility treatments to build your family is hard enough, deciding when it’s time to move onto donor eggs can feel impossible. It’s not just the genetic tie that you might be thinking about, but also the time, money, and commitment.
How many attempts with your own eggs are reasonable before considering alternative options like donor eggs? While there's no single right answer, this guide will help you confidently make your decision.
First consideration: your age
Understanding the impact of age on fertility is helpful. Knowing the chances of IVF success with and without IVF can help you predict the chances of it working in either scenario.
Females are born with a finite number of eggs, and both the quantity and quality of those eggs diminish over time. This decline in fertility accelerates significantly after the age of 35. According to the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART), the average live birth rate per IVF cycle using a woman's own eggs is around 53% for women under 35, but falls to just 4% for women over 42. These statistics highlight the challenges associated with using your own eggs at an older age.
If you have already spent a lot of time, effort, and money on failed IVF, you may be eager to move forward with donor eggs and have a baby ASAP. The good news is that the chances of success with donor eggs has more to do with the age of the donor than the age of the mother (or gestational carrier).
The time to match with a donor can be just days (we have hundreds of pre-qualified donors ready to match with your family). After that, a donor cycle with fresh eggs can take 60-90 days from match to completion of the cycle. Frozen eggs can be quicker, but it sometimes means you can’t meet the donor beforehand.
As you can see from the SART data above, the chances of getting pregnant per cycle is much higher with donor eggs and the gap increases with age of the patient.
Read Dr. Meera Shah’s article Donor Egg Success Rates: a Breakdown.
Second consideration: your ovarian reserve
Your fertility doctor will likely perform a series of tests to assess your ovarian reserve – the remaining supply of eggs in your ovaries. These tests provide a more personalized estimate of your chances of success using your own eggs. Key tests include:
- Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): A high FSH level, particularly on day 3 of your menstrual cycle, can indicate diminished ovarian reserve.
- Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH): A low AMH level suggests a lower egg count and may signify reduced responsiveness to fertility medications.
- Antral Follicle Count (AFC): Performed via ultrasound, this test counts the number of small, developing follicles in your ovaries. A lower count could indicate a lower ovarian reserve.
These hormone tests will give you and your doctor a good idea of your chances of success. In fact, your chances of success with IVF are even more correlated with your AMH than your age.
Third consideration: the emotional impact of unsuccessful attempts
The journey of infertility often comes with significant emotional burdens. Experiencing multiple unsuccessful attempts with your own eggs can lead to disappointment, frustration, anxiety, and even depression. It's super important to prioritize your mental health during this process. Seek support from therapists specializing in infertility, join support groups, or lean on loved ones for emotional strength.
Think about how many failed attempts using your own eggs you are willing to endure before moving on. And keep in mind, donor eggs may increase your chances of success but they aren’t a guarantee.
Fourth consideration: finances
Unfortunately, fertility treatments can be costly, and using donor eggs will likely increase those expenses. Before making decisions, have a realistic understanding of your financial resources. Explore options like insurance coverage, financing plans, or grants that might help offset treatment costs.
Read more in How to Finance Your Infertility or Egg Donation Journey
Fifth consideration: time
Time is a precious factor in the fertility journey, especially as you grow older. Every month, every cycle, counts. If you've experienced multiple unsuccessful IVF attempts with your own eggs, the time it takes to pursue additional cycles may significantly impact your chances of achieving a successful pregnancy. And, as you age, it increases the likelihood of a higher risk pregnancy. It's important to consider your desired timeline for building a family and how pursuing further IVF with your own eggs may align with those goals.
When should I switch to donor eggs?
While there's no hard-and-fast rule, your doctor may suggest donor egg IVF if you meet some of these criteria:
- Age over 42: Success rates with own eggs decline sharply after 42, and donor eggs offer a significantly higher chance of pregnancy.
- Diminished ovarian reserve: Test results indicating low ovarian reserve may encourage a quicker transition to donor eggs to increase your chances of success, especially if you’re over age 40.
- Multiple failed cycles or pregnancy losses: After several unsuccessful attempts with your own eggs, it may be time to explore other options to avoid further emotional and financial strain.
- Genetic factors: If you are a carrier of a genetic condition, using donor eggs can minimize the risk of passing it on to your child.
Ultimately, the decision of whether to continue with IVF using your own eggs or transition to donor eggs is deeply personal. There is no right or wrong choice. The best way to navigate this decision is through open communication with a trusted fertility doctor, a counselor, fertility coach, or even a religious leader if your faith plays a significant role in your family planning decisions. They can assess your individual circumstances, discuss the pros and cons in greater detail, and help you make a decision that aligns with your goals and values.
Remember: There is no shame in using donor eggs. It's a testament to your unwavering desire to build a family. Choosing donor eggs empowers you to take control of your fertility journey and create the family you've always dreamed of.
Finding your path to parenthood
The journey to parenthood can take many unexpected turns. While the desire for a biological connection is understandable, remember that the love you have for your future child transcends genetics. If you decide to move forward with donor eggs, you're making a powerful choice based on love, commitment, and your unwavering determination to build a family.
Donor eggs offer a path to parenthood that might have seemed impossible before. Don't hesitate to explore this option with open-mindedness and a willingness to learn. Connect with agencies like ours that specialize in egg donation, we can guide you through the process, address your concerns, and provide the support you need throughout your journey.
You are not alone. Communities, support groups, and mental health professionals specializing in infertility can offer invaluable support and understanding.
Remember: Building a family is guided by love. Whether through your own eggs or through the generosity of a donor, you are embarking on a beautiful journey toward fulfilling a profound desire.
Read more:
IVF Success Rates by Age
IVF success is highly correlated with the age of the mother. Understanding this age-related impact can help set realistic expectations and make informed decisions about fertility treatment, and this article will help spell it all out for you.
More and more families are turning to In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) to build their families. In fact, 2% of all babies in the U.S. are now born thanks to IVF. For a treatment that’s only been around for 40 years, that’s a lot of babies!
But, many more people undergo IVF than successfully have babies via IVF. About 21.3% percent of IVF cycles using fresh embryos have a live birth. Some people have to go through multiple cycles in order to have their miracle babies. Others end up needing donor eggs. And yet others pursue other life options.
IVF success is highly correlated with the age of the mother. Understanding this age-related impact can help set realistic expectations and make informed decisions about fertility treatment, and this article will help spell it all out for you.
The biological basis: egg quantity and quality
As females age, our ovarian reserve–the number of remaining eggs–naturally diminishes. The quality of those existing eggs also declines over time. Older eggs are more prone to chromosomal abnormalities, which can hinder successful fertilization and healthy embryo development. This natural, age-related decline is the primary factor driving lower IVF success rates in older people.
IVF and Age
The influence of age on IVF outcomes is an unfortunate, but undeniable part of biology and life. As we've discussed, this is primarily due to the natural decline in both the quantity and quality of eggs as someone gets older. This age-related impact can be disheartening for those who want to start a family “later” in life, but it’s always better to be equipped with this knowledge. Here's why understanding this relationship is important:
- Realistic expectations: Being aware of how age affects potential success rates helps you set realistic expectations from the outset of your IVF journey. This knowledge allows you to be mentally and emotionally prepared for the possibilities.
- Informed decision-making: Understanding the role of age empowers you to make informed decisions about your fertility treatment. If you are of older maternal age, you might consider a shorter time frame between IVF cycles, explore options like donor eggs earlier in the process, or consider alternative paths to family building.
- Proactive planning: For younger people considering IVF in the future, awareness of this age-related aspect might motivate proactive measures like egg freezing to preserve fertility potential.
There are of course a host of other factors that go into fertility beyond just someone’s age. And, remember that IVF success isn't solely about the female partner. Any underlying male factor infertility will also play a role in IVF outcomes.
Let’s look at the data: IVF success rates by age
Reliable sources like the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART), which is part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), provide valuable insights into IVF outcomes by age.
According to SART data from 2021, live birth rates per egg retrieval using someone's own eggs for IVF are significantly impacted by age, showing a clear downward trend as we get older.
- Under 35: 44.5%
- 35-37: 32.4%
- 38-40: 20.2%
- 41-42: 9.6%
- Over 42: 2.9%
While age is a major predictor, it's not the only factor influencing IVF success. The underlying cause of infertility, overall embryo quality, lifestyle choices (like smoking or unhealthy weight), sperm health, and the specific clinic's success rates all play a role in the outcome. You’ll want to consider these additional variables when assessing your individual chances of success.
Donor eggs increase your chances of a healthy pregnancy at all ages
Here’s some good news: donor eggs can drastically increase your chances of success. Around 53 percent of all donor egg cycles will result in at least one live birth. This percentage varies depending on the egg donor, recipient body mass index, stage of embryo at transfer, the number of oocytes retrieved, and the quality of the clinic.
At every age, the chances of birth with donor eggs is better, but those who benefit the most from donor eggs are those over 35 and those with low ovarian reserve. In fact, about one-quarter of people over 40 who succeeded with IVF did so through the use of donor eggs.
The chart was made using the SART Patient Predictor for an average woman (5’4”, 150 lbs) with diminished ovarian reserve. As you can see, the chances of live birth after one donor egg cycle is 54% for recipients under 40, and only goes down slightly after this.
Summing it up
IVF can be a big commitment– physically, emotionally, and financially. It's natural to feel a mix of hope and anxiety throughout the process. Knowledge is empowering; by understanding how age impacts IVF outcomes, you can make decisions that align with your values and goals.
Remember, statistics represent trends, not individual destinies. While they give us a general picture, each person's fertility journey is unique. If you are of older maternal age, it doesn't automatically mean IVF won't work for you. Exploring options like using donor eggs or pursuing alternative paths to parenthood should all be part of your informed decision-making process.
The IVF experience can sometimes feel isolating. Don't be afraid to seek support from your loved ones, mental health professionals, or online communities dedicated to infertility and IVF. Connecting with others who understand the challenges and triumphs of this journey can be a source of strength and encouragement.
Find an egg donor through Cofertility
We aim to be the best egg sharing program, providing an experience that honors, respects, and uplifts everyone involved. Here’s what sets us apart:
- Baby guarantee. We truly want to help you bring your baby home, and we will re-match you for free until that happens.
- Donor empowerment. Our donors aren’t doing it for cash – they keep half the eggs retrieved for their own future use, and donate half to your family. It’s a win-win.
- Diversity: We’re proud about the fact that the donors on our platform are as diverse as the intended parents seeking to match with them. We work with intended parents to understand their own cultural values — including regional nuances — in hopes of finding them the perfect match.
- Human-centered. We didn’t like the status quo in egg donation. So we’re doing things differently, starting with our human-centered matching platform.
- Lifetime support: Historically, other egg donation options have treated egg donor matching as a one-and-done experience. Beyond matching, beyond a pregnancy, beyond a birth…we believe in supporting the donor-conceived family for life. Our resources and education provide intended parents with the guidance they need to raise happy, healthy kids and celebrate their origin stories.
At Cofertility, the average number of mature eggs a family receives and fertilizes is 12. Some intended parents want to do two egg retrievals with the donor which is definitely possible. We also ask each of our donors whether they are open to a second cycle as part of the initial application — many report that they are!
You can see how many eggs are retrieved in the first cycle and go from there. If, for any reason, the eggs retrieved in that round do not lead to a live birth, our baby guarantee will kick in and we’ll re-match you at no additional Cofertility coordination fee.
We are obsessed with improving the family-building journey — today or in the future — and are in an endless pursuit to make these experiences more positive. Create a free account to get started today!
Read more:
- What You Should Know About Getting Pregnant with Donor Eggs in Your 40s and 50s
- What Parents via Egg Donation Want You To Know
- Six Reasons Why Egg Sharing is a Better Egg Donation Model for Intended Parents
- I'm a Fertility Psychologist. Here's What I Want You to Know About Growing Your Family Through Egg Donation